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Difference between forged valve and cast valve

What is the difference between a forged valve and a cast valve? This article will explain to you how to distinguish between forged and cast valves.

PN40-DN100 cast steel WCB gate valve photo

PN40-DN100 cast steel WCB gate valve photo

forged valve:
Forged valves are forged and forged, and are generally used on high-grade pipelines with relatively small diameters, generally below DN50.
1. Forging: It is a processing method that uses a forging machine to apply pressure to a metal blank to cause plastic deformation to obtain a forging with certain mechanical properties, certain shape and size.
2. Forging materials are mainly carbon steel and alloy steel of various compositions, followed by aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper, etc. and their alloys. The original state of the material is bar, ingot, metal powder and liquid metal. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the metal before deformation to the die cross-sectional area after deformation is called the forging ratio. Correct selection of forging ratio has a lot to do with improving product quality and reducing costs.

Cast valve:
Casting valves are valves made by casting. Generally, the pressure levels of cast valves are relatively low (such as PN16, PN25, PN40, but there are also high-pressure ones, which can reach 1500Lb, 2500Lb), and most of the calibers are above DN50.
1. Casting: It is the process of smelting metal into a liquid that meets certain requirements and pouring it into a mold. After cooling, solidification, and cleaning, a casting (part or blank) with predetermined shape, size and performance is obtained. The basic technology of modern machinery manufacturing industry.

forged ball valve-3pcs-high PN

forged ball valve-3pcs-high PN

2. The cost of the blank produced by casting is low, and it is more economical for parts with complex shapes, especially with complex inner cavities; at the same time, it has wide adaptability and good comprehensive mechanical properties.
3. Materials (such as metal, wood, fuel, molding materials, etc.) and equipment (such as metallurgical furnaces, sand mixers, molding machines, core making machines, shakeout machines, shot blasting machines, cast iron plates, etc.) required for foundry production ) more, and will produce dust, harmful gas and noise and pollute the environment.

TH Valve is a professional manufacturer of butterfly valvegate valvecheck valveglobe valveknife gate valve, ball valve with API, JIS, DIN standard, used in Oil, Gas, Marine industry, Water supply and drainage, fire fighting, shipbuilding, water treatment and other systems, with Nominal Diameter of DN50 to DN1200, NBR/EPDM/VITON, Certificates & Approvals: DNV-GL, Lloyds, DNV, BV, API, ABS, CCS. Standards: EN 593, API609, API6D

Video of center-lined butterfly valve: https://youtu.be/NuSZH_AJcwY
Video of resilient seated gate valve: https://youtu.be/AI-LT1dy2sU
Related news/knowledge:
cast steel gate valve vs stainless steel gate valve
The difference between carbon steel and cast steel
Valve material and valve standards-(1)

Commonly used valve body materials of centerline wafer butterfly valve

The centerline butterfly valve can be controlled by a variety of transmission methods, such as manual, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, turbine, electromagnetic, electromagnetic hydraulic, electro-hydraulic, pneumatic-hydraulic, spur gear, bevel gear drive, etc. Under the action of pressure, temperature or other forms of sensing signals, it can act according to predetermined requirements, or simply open or close without relying on sensing signals. The valve

Wafer type butterfly valve with worm gear

Wafer type butterfly valve with worm gear

relies on a drive or an automatic mechanism to make the opening and closing parts move up and down, sliding, swinging or rotating, thereby changing the size of the flow channel to achieve its control function. The centerline wafer butterfly valve is very suitable for the flow adjustment of the fluid, and it is also used as the opening and closing of the medium. It is a very common pipe fitting in the industrial field. Different valve body materials will be suitable for different centerline butterfly valve classifications.

The body materials of the centerline wafer butterfly valve mainly include:
Gray cast iron: suitable for low-pressure valves with a working temperature between -15 and +200°C and a nominal pressure of PN ≤ 1.6 MPa;
Black core malleable cast iron: suitable for low- and medium-pressure valves with a working temperature between -15 and +250°C and a nominal pressure of PN≤2.5MPa;
Nodular cast iron: suitable for medium and low pressure valves with a working temperature between -30 and +350°C and a nominal pressure of PN≤4.0MPa;
Carbon steel (WCA, WCB, WCC): suitable for medium and high pressure valves with operating temperature between -29 and +425°C, of ​​which 16Mn and 30Mn have operating temperatures between -40 and +450°C, often used to replace ASTMA105 ;
Low-temperature carbon steel (LCB): suitable for low-temperature valves and valves whose working temperature is between -46~+345℃;
Alloy steel (WC6, WC9): suitable for high temperature and high pressure valves for non-corrosive media with a working temperature between -29 and +595°C; WC5, WC12: suitable for corrosion at a working temperature between -29 and +650°C High temperature and high pressure valves for sexual media;
Austenitic stainless steel: suitable for valves with corrosive media whose working temperature is between -196~+600℃;
Monel alloy: mainly suitable for valves containing hydrogen and fluorine media;
Cast copper alloy: Mainly suitable for valves for oxygen pipelines whose operating temperature is between -273 and +200℃;

Listed above are the major categories of commonly used materials for valve bodies. In each category of material, there are many functional subdivisions for different pressure levels. In addition, the valve body materials include titanium alloy (titanium valve), aluminum alloy (aluminum valve); plastic (plastic valve); ceramic (ceramic valve) and so on. Therefore, when selecting the valve body material, the valve body material suitable for the working conditions should be determined according to different uses and different pressure levels.
The centerline wafer butterfly valve is a control component in the pipeline fluid conveying system. It is used to adjust the flow direction and flow of the medium, and has the functions of opening and closing and medium adjustment. There are many varieties and specifications, which are used to control the flow of various types of fluids such as water, steam, oil, gas, mud, various corrosive media, liquid metals and radioactive fluids, and occupy an important position in the entire valve system.

TH Valve is a professional manufacturer of butterfly valvegate valvecheck valveglobe valveknife gate valve, ball valve with API, JIS, DIN standard, used in Oil, Gas, Marine industry, Water supply and drainage, fire fighting, shipbuilding, water treatment and other systems, with Nominal Diameter of DN50 to DN1200, NBR/EPDM/VITON, Certificates & Approvals: DNV-GL, Lloyds, DNV, BV, API, ABS, CCS. Standards: EN 593, API609, API6D

Video of center-lined butterfly valve:

Related news/knowledge:
Characteristics of the centerline wafer butterfly valve
Centerline flange butterfly valve
Advantages and Features of Center-lined Wafer Butterfly Valve
What kind of centerline wafer butterfly valve is a high-quality butterfly valve

Types of valve accessories

Types of valve accessories: The valve itself is composed of a valve body and various operating mechanisms, which also contain many parts and accessories, including manual, pneumatic, electric and so on. The components assembled in different ways of use are also different.
Valve accessories mainly include:
1. Pneumatic actuator: It is mainly divided into single-acting and double-acting. Single-acting is a spring-return

ductile iron, DI, butterfly valve, manufacturer, center line, TH valve

ductile iron, DI, butterfly valve, manufacturer, center line, TH valve

structure, and double-acting is the principle of air opening and closing. Generally, double-acting pneumatic actuators are used for adjustment types. 2. Electric actuators: the common ones are linear, angular, compact and explosion-proof. The structure of the electric actuator is relatively complex and the cost is high, but its performance is stable, open and close quickly, and it is suitable for remote control systems.
3. Hydraulic actuator: A hydraulic actuator is a device that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. There are mainly linear and rotary types. The cost is relatively high and the structure is relatively complex. It is a product with special working conditions and high requirements, and the market generalization rate is low.
4. Gas-liquid linkage actuator: The gas-liquid linkage actuator uses pipeline natural gas or nitrogen as power and hydraulic oil as the transmission medium to drive the opening and closing of pipeline valves. It is mainly used as a multifunctional driving device in natural gas, liquefied gas, nitrogen, gas liquid tank, gas, etc.
5. Electro-hydraulic linkage actuator: The electro-hydraulic linkage actuator is composed of a control module and a power module. The intelligent controllable motor accepts the function commands of the control module, controls the power module, and outputs the large distance in line or angular displacement, pneumatic control The object, at the same time, completes the adjustment process through its own displacement feedback, and realizes various functional controls.
6. Manual actuator: The manual actuator is to perfect the manual control when the current is unstable and the air pressure is insufficient. When the air pressure and current cannot be controlled under special circumstances or there is no current and air pressure for installation and maintenance, the manual feedback device can be turned on, which can be carried out quickly Manual control.

Valve components:
Handle, handwheel, worm gear, valve body, valve core, valve stem, valve cover, valve silencer, blank, bolt and nut, clamp, spring, diaphragm, packing, packing, O-ring, PTFE products Gaskets, flanges, non-standard solid parts, etc.
Positioner and accessories:
Pneumatic valve positioner, electric valve positioner, intelligent valve positioner, electro-hydraulic server, servo amplifier, electric converter, filter pressure reducing valve, valve position transmitter, position valve, solenoid valve, limit switch, pneumatic Amplifier, smart module, electro-hydraulic server, servo amplifier, alarm, explosion-proof coil, quick exhaust valve
Other valve accessories:
Valve testing machine Handle Handwheel Worm gear valve Body Valve core Valve cover Valve silencer Signal generator Rough mold bolts and nuts Clamps Springs Diaphragm Packing O-rings Flow juice Polytetrafluoroethylene products Gaskets Flanges Fast elbows Joint expander Flow meter Filter non-standard solid parts

TH Valve is a professional manufacturer of butterfly valvegate valvecheck valveglobe valveknife gate valve, ball valve with API, JIS, DIN standard, used in Oil, Gas, Marine industry, Water supply and drainage, fire fighting, shipbuilding, water treatment and other systems, with Nominal Diameter of DN50 to DN1200, NBR/EPDM/VITON, Certificates & Approvals: DNV-GL, Lloyds, DNV, BV, API, ABS, CCS. Standards: EN 593, API609, API6D

Related news/knowledge:
What are the accessories for pneumatic valves?
Valve accessories-bonnet bushing bolts nuts;
Uses and characteristics of manual butterfly valve (4);
The matching function and principle of pneumatic valve accessories

Commonly used valve body material code description

Valve body material code description:

lug type butterfly valve body

lug type butterfly valve body

The material of the valve body should first consider the physical properties (temperature, pressure) and chemical properties (corrosiveness) of the working medium. At the same time, you should also understand the cleanliness of the medium (with or without solid particles). In addition, it is necessary to refer to the relevant regulations and requirements of the country and the user department. Different valve body materials can meet the requirements of the valve in a variety of different working conditions. Correct and reasonable selection of valve materials can obtain the most economical service life and best performance of the valve.

code valve body
Z grey cast iron
T copper and copper alloy
C carbon steel
K Malleable cast iron
Q ductile cast iron
I Chrome-molybdenum steel: 1Cr5Mo ZG1Cr5Mo
P 18-8series SS: Cr18Ni9Ti, ZG1Cr18Ni9Ti
R 1Mo2T series SS: Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, ZG1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti
V Chrome Molybdenum Vanadium Steel:12Cr1Mo1V, ZG12Cr1Mo1V
S plastic
L aluminium alloy
H Cr13 series SS
A Titanium and Titanium alloy

Note: Gray cast iron valves with Pg≤16kgf/cm2, carbon steel valves with Pg≥25kgf/cm2, omit this code. Different valve models are suitable for different pressure levels. Therefore, when selecting the valve body material, the valve body material suitable for the working conditions should be determined according to different uses and different pressure levels.

Related products: wafer butterfly valve; lug butterfly valve; double flange butterfly valve;
Double eccentric butterfly valve

The difference and application of stainless steel 430, 304, 316

Stainless steel 430, 304,316 are the material of valve body, valve stem/shaft, or valve disc/plate.

lug type butterfly valve body

lug type butterfly valve body

430 ferritic stainless steel containing more than 12% chromium can prevent oxidation caused by natural factors. It is called stainless steel. It belongs to 430 ferritic stainless steel. It has low thermal expansion rate, excellent formability and oxidation resistance. The code name in JIS is 430, so it is also called 430 stainless steel.

Application of 430 ferritic stainless steel: 430 stainless steel (16Cr) is often used to make household appliances, heat-resistant appliances, burners, home appliances, class 2 tableware, kitchen sinks, exterior decoration materials, bolts, nuts, CD rods, screens .

The difference between 430 stainless steel and 304, 316 austenitic stainless steel: 430 stainless steel and 304, 316 austenitic stainless steel are identified by spectral analysis and chemical element analysis. Both 304 and 316 are austenitic stainless steels. 316 is made of 304 stainless steel with molybdenum added. Therefore, 316 stainless steel has much better seawater and rust resistance than 304.
The difference between 304, 316 and 430 lies in the rust resistance. In addition to chromium, 304 and 316 also contain elements such as nickel and molybdenum, and are non-magnetic. Therefore, the rust resistance of 304/316 austenitic stainless steel is better than 430 stainless steel is much better and the price is much higher. To

Can the 430 stainless steel magnet hold it? 304 and 316 are not magnetic and cannot be attracted by magnets. Generally, it does not generate heat in a high-voltage electromagnetic environment, so it is used more. Martensitic and 430 ferritic stainless steel, precipitation hardening stainless steel are magnetic, and magnets can attract them.

Will 430 stainless steel rust? 430 stainless steel cannot resist the oxidation caused by chemicals in the air. Because there are more and more acidic chemicals in the air, 430 stainless steel will still be oxidized (rusted) due to unnatural factors after being used for a period of time.

Which is better, 430 stainless steel or 304? 304 austenitic stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance and no magnetism. Relatively speaking, austenitic stainless steel 304 is better than 430 ferritic stainless steel.

How expensive is 430 stainless steel compared to 304? Generally speaking, austenitic stainless steel 304 is twice as expensive as 430 stainless steel.

TH Valve is a professional manufacturer of butterfly valvegate valvecheck valveglobe valveknife gate valve, ball valve with API, JIS, DIN standard, used in Oil, Gas, Marine industry, Water supply and drainage, fire fighting, shipbuilding, water treatment and other systems, with Nominal Diameter of DN50 to DN1200, NBR/EPDM/VITON, Certificates & Approvals: DNV-GL, Lloyds, DNV, BV, API, ABS, CCS. Standards: EN 593, API609, API6D

Related news/knowledge:
Stainless steel vertical check valve;
Wafer type double disc swing check valve introduction;
Pneumatic ball valve model preparation method;
Pneumatic butterfly valve model name coding method

Valve material and valve standards-(2)-body stem bonnet material

Selection of valve material:
There are many materials for manufacturing valve parts, including various types of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and their alloys, and various non-metallic materials. The materials for manufacturing valve parts are selected

16 U-type-flange-butterfly-vlave-body

16 U-type-flange-butterfly-vlave-body

according to the following factors:
1. The pressure, temperature and characteristics of the working medium.
2. The force of the part and its function in the valve structure.
3. Have better manufacturability.
4. If the above conditions are met, there must be a lower cost.

Section one: the material of the valve body, bonnet and valve plate
1. Gray cast iron: Gray cast iron is suitable for water, steam, air, gas, oil and other media with a nominal pressure of PN≤1.0MPa and a temperature of -10°C–200°C. The commonly used grades of gray cast iron are: HT200, HT250, HT300, HT500.

2.. Malleable cast iron: suitable for water, steam, air and oil media with a nominal pressure of PN≤2.5Mpa and a temperature of -30-300°C. Commonly used grades are: KTH300-06, KTH330-08, KTH350-10.

3. Nodular cast iron: suitable for water, steam, air and oil with PN≤4.0Mpa and temperature of -30-350°C. Commonly used grades are: QT400-15, QT450-10, QT500-7.

4. Carbon steel (WCA, WCB, WCC): Suitable for nominal pressure PN≤32MPa, suitable for medium and high pressure valves with operating temperature between -29°C and +425°C. Among them, 16Mn and 30Mn work at -29-595°C, and are often used to replace ASTM A105. Commonly used grades are WC1, WCB, ZG25 and high-quality steel 20, 25, 30 and low-alloy structural steel 16Mn.

5. Low temperature carbon steel (LCB): suitable for ethylene, propylene, liquid natural gas, liquid nitrogen and other media with nominal pressure PN≤6.4MPa and temperature ≥-196°C. Commonly used grades are ZG1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, ZG0Cr18Ni9.

6. Alloy steel (WC6, WC9), suitable for high temperature and high pressure valves with non-corrosive medium working temperature between -29-595°C; WC5, WC9 are suitable for working temperature between -29-659°C High temperature and high pressure valves for corrosive media.

7. Austenitic stainless steel, suitable for valves with corrosive media with working temperature between -196-600°C.
Eight. Monel alloy: mainly suitable for valves with hydrofluoric medium.
nine. Cast copper alloy: Mainly suitable for valves for oxygen pipelines whose operating temperature is between -29 and 595°C

Fig.1-1 Commonly used valve body material:

valve body material standard temp PN/Mpa medium
Grey cast Iron -15/200 ≤1.6 water,gas
Black Heart Malleable Cast Iron -15/300 ≤2.5 water, seawater, gas, Ammonia
ductile cast iron -30/350 ≤4.0 water,seawater,gas,air,steam
carbon steel (WCA,WCB,WCC) ASTM A216 -29/425 ≤32 non-corrosive water, oil, gas
Low temp carbon steel (LCB,LCC) ASTM A352 -46/345 ≤32 low temp application
Alloy(WC6,WC9,C5,C12) ASTM A217 -29/595 -29/650 High pressure non-corrosive corrosive medium
Austenitic stainless steel ASTM A351 -196/600 corrosive medium
Monel alloy ASTM A494 400 Hydrofluoric acid medium
Hastelloy ASTM A494 649 Strong corrosive medium such as dilute sulfuric acid
Titanium alloy Various strong corrosive media
Cast copper alloy -273/200 Oxygen, sea water
Plastic, Ceramic -60 ≤1.6 corrosive medium

 

Name material standard temp range °C application
WCB carbon steel ASTM A216 -29/425 non-corrosive water, oil and gas
LCB low temp carbon steel ASTM A352 -46/345 low temp applicaion
LC3 3.5% nickel steel ASTM A352 -101/340 low temp applicaion
WC6 1.25% chromium,         0.5% molybdenum ASTM A217 -30/593 non-corrosive water, oil and gas
WC9 2.25% chromium
C5 5% chromium,0.5% molybdenum ASTM A217 -30/649 light or non-corrosive application
C12 9% chromium 1% molybdenum
CA15(4) 12% chromium ASTM A217 704 corrosive application
CA6NM(4) 12% chromium ASTM A487 -30/482 corrosive application
CF8M stainless steel 316 ASTM A351 -268/649 when <425, need C=0.04% info corrosive,ultra low/high temp with no corrosive application
CF8C stainless steel 347 ASTM A351 -268/649 when <425, need C=0.04% info high temp, corrosive application
CF8 stainless steel 304 ASTM A351 -268/649 when <425, need C=0.04% info corrosive,ultra low/high temp with no corrosive application
CF3 stainless steel 304L ASTM A351 425 corrosive or non-corrosive
CF3M stainless steel 316L ASTM A351 454 corrosive or non-corrosive
CN7M alloy ASTM A351 425 Good resistance to hot sulfuric acid corrosion
M35-1 monel ASTM A494 400 Weldable grade, good resistance to common organic acid and salt water corrosion, resistance to most alkaline solutions
N7M Hastelloy B ASTM A494 649 Suitable for treating various concentrations and temperatures of hydrofluoric acid, with good resistance to corrosion by sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid
CW6M Hastelloy C ASTM A494 649 Very good resistance to strong oxidation, resistance to phosphoric acid, sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid at high temperatures
CY40 Inconel alloy ASTM A494 Resistant to strong corrosive fluids at high temperatures

TH Valve is a professional manufacturer of butterfly valvegate valvecheck valveglobe valveknife gate valve, ball valve with API, JIS, DIN standard, used in Oil, Gas, Marine industry, Water supply and drainage, fire fighting, shipbuilding, water treatment and other systems, with Nominal Diameter of DN50 to DN1200, NBR/EPDM/VITON, Certificates & Approvals: DNV-GL, Lloyds, DNV, BV, API, ABS, CCS. Standards: EN 593, API609, API6D

Related news/knowledge:
Valve material and valve standards-(9)- general valve & parts materials;
Valve material and valve standards-(1);
Valve body and material classification;
Valve material and valve standards-(6)-gasket material

 

Valve body and material classification

The valve body is a main part of the valve; there are different mechanical manufacturing methods according to the pressure level. For example: casting, forging, etc.

lug type butterfly valve body

lug type butterfly valve body

Material Description
Introduction

Valve bodies of medium and low pressure specifications are usually produced by casting process.
The valve body of medium and high pressure specification is produced by forging process.
It can effectively withstand medium pressure after forming a seal together with the valve core and valve seat sealing ring.
definition
The definition of “valve” is a device used to control the direction, pressure, and flow of fluid in a fluid system. A valve is a device that allows the medium (liquid, gas, powder) in the piping and equipment to flow or stop, and can control its flow

The material of the valve body is selected according to different process media.

Common materials are: cast iron, cast steel, stainless steel, carbon steel, plastic, copper, etc. [1]

Material Description:
1. grey cast iron:

Grey cast iron valves are used in various fields of industry because of their low price and wide application range. They are usually used in the case of water, steam, oil and gas as the medium, and are widely used in chemical industry, printing and dyeing, oil chemical, textile and many other industrial products that have little or no impact on iron pollution. It is suitable for low pressure valves with working temperature between -15~200℃ and nominal pressure PN≤1.6MPa.

2. Ductile cast iron

Ductile cast iron is a kind of cast iron. In this cast iron, the flake graphite in gray cast iron is replaced by clump or nodular graphite. The change in the internal structure of this metal makes its mechanical properties better than ordinary gray cast iron, and does not damage other properties. Therefore, valves made of ductile iron have higher pressures than those made of gray cast iron. It is suitable for medium and low pressure valves with working temperature between -30~350℃ and nominal pressure PN≤4.0MPa. Applicable media are water, sea water, steam, air, gas, oil, etc.

3. Carbon steel:

The initial development of cast steel was to meet the production needs that exceeded the capabilities of cast iron valves and bronze valves. However, because the carbon steel valve has good overall performance and high resistance to stress caused by thermal expansion, impact load and pipeline deformation, it has expanded its use range, usually including the working conditions of cast iron valves and bronze valves. . Suitable for medium and high pressure valves with working temperature between –29~425℃. Among them, the temperature of 16Mn and 30Mn is between -40~400℃, and they are often used to replace ASTM A105. The applicable medium is saturated steam and superheated steam. High and low temperature oil, liquefied gas, compressed air, water, natural gas, etc.

What is the material of the main parts of the butterfly valve?-(1)

Selection of butterfly valve parts materials:
There are many materials for manufacturing butterfly valves, including ferrous and non-ferrous metals and their

16 U-type-flange-butterfly-vlave-body

16 U-type-flange-butterfly-vlave-body

alloys of different brands, and various non-metallic materials. The materials for manufacturing valve parts should be selected based on the following factors:

1. Pressure, temperature and characteristics of working medium.

2. The force of the part and its function in the valve structure.

3. It has better manufacturability.

4. If the above conditions are met, there must be a lower cost.

The material of the valve body, bonnet and disc (disc) The body, bonnet and gate (disc) are one of the main parts of the valve, which directly bear the pressure of the medium, and the material used must meet the “pressure and temperature rating of the valve” Provisions.

Commonly used material types for butterfly valves:

1. Gray cast iron: Gray cast iron is suitable for water, steam, air, gas, oil and other media with a nominal pressure of PN≤1.0MPa and a temperature of -10℃~200℃. The commonly used grades of gray cast iron are: HT200, HT250, HT300, HT350.

2. Malleable cast iron: Suitable for water, steam, air and oil media with a nominal pressure

17 center-line-butterfly-valve-plate-disc-parts-4

17 center-line-butterfly-valve-plate-disc-parts-4

of PN≤2.5MPa and a temperature of -30~300℃. Commonly used grades are: KTH300-06, KTH330-08, KTH350-10.

3. Ductile iron: suitable for water, steam, air and oil with PN≤4.0MPa and temperature of -30~350℃. Commonly used grades are: QT400-15, QT450-10, QT500-7. In view of the current level of domestic technology, the plants are uneven, and users are often not easy to inspect. According to experience, it is recommended that PN≤2.5MPa, and the valve should be made of steel for safety.

4. Acid-resistant high-silicon ductile iron: suitable for corrosive media with nominal pressure PN≤0.25MPa and temperature below 120℃.

5. Carbon steel: suitable for water, steam, air, hydrogen, ammonia, nitrogen and petroleum products with a nominal pressure of PN≤32.0MPa and a temperature of -30~425℃. Commonly used grades are WC1, WCB, ZG25 and high-quality steel 20, 25, 30 and low-alloy structural steel 16Mn. Six, copper alloy: suitable for water, sea water, oxygen, air, oil and other media with PN ≤ 2.5MPa, and steam media with a temperature of -40 to 250 ℃, commonly used brands are ZGnSn10Zn2 (tin bronze), H62, Hpb59-1 (Brass), QAZ19-2, QA19-4 (aluminum bronze).

18 buttefly-valve-stem-shaft-parts-1

18 buttefly-valve-stem-shaft-parts-1

7. High temperature steel: suitable for steam and petroleum products with nominal pressure PN≤17.0MPA and temperature≤570℃. Commonly used grades are ZGCr5Mo, 1Cr5M0. ZG20CrMoV, ZG15Gr1Mo1V, 12CrMoV, WC6, WC9, etc. The specific selection must be in accordance with the valve pressure and temperature specifications. 8. Low temperature steel, suitable for nominal pressure PN≤6.4Mpa, temperature≥—196℃ ethylene, propylene, liquid natural gas, liquid nitrogen and other media, commonly used grades) ZG1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, ZG0Cr18Ni9.

9. Stainless acid-resistant steel, suitable for nitric acid, acetic acid and other media with nominal pressure PN≤6.4Mpa and temperature≤200℃. Commonly used grades are ZG0Cr18Ni9Ti, ZG0Cr18Ni10<nitric acid>, ZG0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, ZG1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti<acid and urea>.

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